Selective cross pollen with the genes of a desired trait is transferred from plants of one crop variety to flowers of another variety with other desirable traits. Eventually, through careful selection of offspring, the desired trait will appear in a new variety of plants. In the case of transgenic crops that are resistant to insect damage, farmers can apply fewer spray pesticides to protect crops. GM crops that are herbicide-tolerant help farmers control weeds without harming crops.
When farmers use these herbicide-tolerant crops, they don't need to till the land, which they normally do to eliminate weeds. This no-till planting helps maintain soil health and reduce the use of fuel and labor. Taken together, the studies have demonstrated positive economic and environmental impacts. As far as genetically modified foods are concerned, those who firmly believe that the development of GMOs is against nature or religion have called for clear labeling rules so that they can make informed choices about which products to buy.
Some examples of these advances include making antibiotic production more efficient through microbial fermentation and producing new animal vaccines through genetic engineering for diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease and rabies. Researchers are working to produce more resilient crops that thrive even in the harshest environments and that require less fuel, labor, fertilizer and water, which would help reduce pressures on terrestrial and wildlife habitats. The tools of biotechnology have opened doors and are also helping the development of improved animal and plant varieties, both those produced by conventional means and those produced through genetic engineering. In addition, the genetic engineer looking for a gene for pest resistance, heat tolerance, or other trait is no longer limited by the natural breeding barriers that he can select from any species.
However, the process was unpredictable, as the first plant breeders did not understand the genetic transmission of traits and could not predict the likely outcome of a particular cross. Eventually, the genetic engineer can also select genes from outside the plant kingdom, borrowing genes from animals or bacteria. The application of biotechnology in agriculture has resulted in benefits for farmers, producers and consumers. For example, the possibility that several microorganisms may be producers and biodegraders of clean fuels in the future is being considered.
In addition, only 5% of those surveyed said that they would take action by modifying their buying habits as a result of concerns related to the use of biotechnology products. Genetic engineering can play an important role in the development of new varieties suitable for these conditions and could guide the future course of agriculture in developing countries. More than 90 percent of farmers who grow biotech crops are farmers with few resources in developing countries. While in the past many countries lacked comprehensive regulation, governments around the world are now meeting public demands and implementing stricter testing and labeling requirements for genetically modified crops.
When new traits in a crop are genetically modified, new plants are evaluated to ensure that they do not have the characteristics of weeds. Therefore, when a new transgene is introduced into a wild fish population, it spreads and can eventually threaten the viability of both wild-type organisms and genetically modified organisms. .
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